We report the first case of voluntary chronic aspiration of olive oil responsible for exogenous lipoid pneumonia, in a. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is caused by inhalation or aspiration of animal fat or vegetable or mineral oil. Lipoid pneumonia which follows the entrance of oily substances into the lungs is now recognized as a disease entity. Lipoid pneumonia definition of lipoid pneumonia by medical. Imaging studies and a detailed patient history are vital components of the diagnostic workup. The editor of the book is not a radiologist, but a pulmonologist.
Lipoid pneumonia is a rare lung condition caused due to buildup of lipids in the lung alveoli. It was in 1925 that lipoid pneumonia was described for the first time. In the presence of a clinically suspected diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia a routine posteroanterior xray of the chest may be inadequate. Exogenous lipid can be aspirated in those with impaired swallowing mechanisms who take or are given agents such as olive oil or paraffin, or can be inhaled from oil aerosolsmists. Mycoplasma pneumonia asbestosis neurogenic tumors aspiration pneumonia pancoast tumor. Dec 16, 2009 lipoid pneumonia is a rare form of pneumonia caused by inhalation or aspiration of fat containing substances like, petroleum jelly, mineral oils, few laxatives etc. In others, lipoid pneumonia may cause cough, chest pain or shortness of breath. Physicians should consider lipoid pneumonia in the differential diagnosis of a pet. To describe the radiologic and clinical findings in a group of patients with exogenous lipoid pneumonia focusing on features that differentiate the acute and. The crazypaving pattern in exogenous lipoid pneumonia. Gravitydependent infiltrates in a patient with lipoid pneumonia chest 98. Winermuram, md key facts terminology exogenous lipid pneumonia. Radiological and clinical findings in acute and chronic exogenous.
In this case report, the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia was first suggested by ct, supported by a long history of mineral oil ingestion, and confirmed by needle aspiration biopsy of the larger of two lung lesions and specific stains. May 16, 2016 exogenous lipoid pneumonia elp is an uncommon pulmonary disorder resulting from chronic aspiration or inhalation of mineral oil or a related material into the distal lung. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is an uncommon form of pneumonia that is related to the inhalation or aspiration of fatty substances. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, with clues provided by history and characteristic radiographic findings. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a form of lipoid pneumonia. Only a few cases are granted four pagesdiaphragmatic eventration, lipoid pneumonia. It usually presents as insidious onset chronic respiratory illness simulating interstitial lung diseases. Diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia by computed tomography jama.
The model correctly detects the airspace disease in the left lower and right upper lobes to arrive at the pneumonia diagnosis. It is classified into two major groups, depending on whether the lipidoil in the respiratory tract is from. The present paper is based on an analysis of 27 cases observed at the childrens hospital. Lipoid pneumonia is an uncommon disease caused by the presence of lipid in the alveoli.
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia radiology reference article. The pneumonia presents as a foreign body reaction causing cough, dyspnea, and often fever. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. R et al 1998 the crazypaving pattern in exogenous lipoid pneumonia. Lipoid pneumonia do you know that vaseline and vicks vaporub had been found to cause lipoid pneumonia. However, it is important to be aware of the various radiologic manifestations of lipoid pneumonia because, in the appropriate clinical setting, these findings can be diagnostic. It can look like acute or chronic pneumonia or a localized granuloma called paraffinoma. In terms of the onset of the presentation, it can be divided into two different forms. Lipoid pneumonia is a specific form of lung inflammation pneumonia that develops when lipids enter the bronchial tree. Two of them have experienced a case of lipoid pneumonia.
The majority of contributors are physicians based in respiratory medicine or internal medicine. Same case as above showing chest radiograph on right with area of consolidation in lower lobe black circle which contains fat on ct white circle. Read on lipoid pneumonia is an inflammation in the lung, which resulted from inhaling a noninfectious foreign substance. When lipoid pneumonia is caused by petroleum jelly, generally the only treatment is to stop using the petroleum jelly. To evaluate the highresolution ct findings in 17 children with exogenous lipoid pneumonia following aspiration of mineral oil.
Sep 18, 2007 exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a rare disorder caused by aspiration of mineral, vegetable and animal oils. Lipoid pneumonia is an inflammatory response to the presence of lipids within the alveolar space and typically results from aspiration of hydrocarbons or oilbased products, but it has now been. Aspiration or inhalation of animal, vegetable, or mineral oils imaging findings low ct attenuation areas 10 and 150 hu in consolidated lung initial. Lipid pneumonia is an uncommon clinical entity in which respiratory architecture is impaired, either as a result of aspiration or accumulation of lipids from different sources exogenous and endogenous, respectively. This condition is also known as cholesterol pneumonia, due to the connection that exists between cholesterol and lipids.
Same case as above showing chest radiograph on right with area of consolidation in lower lobe. Lipoid pneumonia results from the aspiration of oil and can also be caused, in rare cases, by the injection of oil into the skin, with lymphatic transport to the lungs. Lipoid pneumonia is uncommon and, although it is difficult to determine the precise clinical incidence, autopsy series have reported a frequency of only 1. Older people who are constipated, have a swallowing disorder 2.
The intent of the book is therefore not clearly specified. Lipoid lipid pneumonia symptoms and treatment healthline. In type iii lipoid pneumonia, however, mechanisms of lipoid pneumonia in the isolated segments nonobstructive pneumonia seem to be different from those of type i lipoid pneumonia, because physical effects of obstructive bronchus, such as leakage from vessels, hypoxia or local oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions, do not extend to the isolated. There is no preface to this book, which is unusual, but the aims of the learning imaging series are standardized. Lipoid pneumonia is a rare condition that occurs when fat particles enter the lungs. Lipoid pneumonia is a form of pneumonia associated with oily or lipid components within the pneumonitis component. Lipoid pneumonia in children is a rare disorder due to accumulation of fatty oily material in the alveoli and usually associated with an underlying condition. Radiologistlevel pneumonia detection on chest xrays with deep learning a patient with multifocal community acquired pneumonia. Twelve of these were found in a series of 7 consecutive autopsies. Ecigarettes, on the other hand, are significantly safer than tobacco cigarettes according to leading scientists. Sometimes, the diagnosis is confirmed with a bronchoscopy. Lipoid pneumonia results from accumulation of lipids in the alveoli and can be either exogenous or endogenous in cause based on the source of the lipid.
The diagnosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia is based on a history of exposure to oils and clinical findings, radiological findings, presence of lipidladen macrophages on sputum or bronchoalveolar. Lipoid pneumonia is often detected on a chest xray or ct scan. Rarely, it may present as an acute respiratory illness, specially, when exposure to fatty substance is acute andor massive. It is categorized as either exogenous or endogenous, depending on the lipid source. Lipoid pneumonia causes, symptoms, treatment, prognosis. Highresolution computed tomography hrct is the best imaging modality for the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia. The book is organized into chapters based on thoracic anatomy. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia successfully treated with. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. Chronic lipoid pneumonia in a 9yearold child revealed by. Aberrant right subclavian artery aortic stenosis arterial placement of central line atrial septal defect atrial.
We retrospectively identified 15 patients from a single institution with exogenous lipoid pneumonia 19922001. The diagnosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia is based on a history of exposure to oil, characteristic radiological findings, and the presence of lipidladen macrophages on sputum or bal analysis. Pathology of lipoid pneumonia paraffinoma dr sampurna roy md. Findings on highresolution computed tomography edson marchiori1, glaucia zanetti2, dante l.
Lipoid pneumonia is a pneumonitis that occurs after aspiration of oils such as mineral oil, castor oil, or shark liver oil. Computed tomography ct can establish the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia in lung masses by detecting fat. This website is intended for pathologists and laboratory personnel, who understand that medical information is imperfect and must be interpreted using reasonable medical judgment. Many family physicians are not familiar with lipoid pneumonia, hence it is likely underdiagnosed. As we know, smoking carries a hugely increased risk of an early death. Please refer to the main article for a broader discussion. Jan 14, 2016 exogenous lipid pneumonia elp is an uncommon cause of parenchymal consolidation secondary to chronic aspiration or inhalation of animal, vegetable, or petroleumbased oils or fats. Endogenous lipid can rarely be deposited when chronic inflammation accompanies some cause of. Another story of a patient developing lipoid pneumonia from vegetable glycerine has been reported yesterday in spain and is reproduced today by englishspeaking media. Increased awareness could help with prevention efforts, as well as diagnosis.
I would love to receive constructive criticism, particularly from radiologists. Despite the numbers, some now believe ecigarettes can cause lipoid pneumonia. The disorder is sometimes called cholesterol pneumonia in cases where that lipid is a factor. This enhanced ebook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices. Predominant groundglass opacities in centrilobular less aspiration or panlobular distribution more aspiration 1 week.
In absence of obvious context, diagnosis remains difficult with nonspecific clinical and radiological features. Exogenous accumulation of fat in the lung most often from mineral oil. A case of exogenous lipoid pneumonia respiratory care. Learning chest imaging radiology rsna publications online. Lowattention masses in right lung white arrows, both with fat density measurements represent lipoid pneumonia. Highresolution ct findings of lipoid pneumonia in children taking mineral oil for constipation have been rarely reported. This text is part of the learning imaging series aimed at medical. Lipoid pneumonia in infants and children radiology. Lipoid pneumonia is an unusual form of pneumonitis. Lipoid pneumonia presenting as non resolving community. Endogenous lipoid pneumonia is usually associated with bronchial obstruction.
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